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Friday, August 21, 2015

Scientists Finally Discover How the Obesity Gene Works



Scientists have finally figured out how the key gene tied to obesity makes people fat, a major discovery that could open the door to an entirely new approach to the problem beyond diet and exercise.

The work solves a big mystery: Since 2007, researchers have known that a gene called FTO was related to obesity, but they didn’t know how, and could not tie it to appetite or other known factors.

Now experiments reveal that a faulty version of the gene causes energy from food to be stored as fat rather than burned. Genetic tinkering in mice and on human cells in the lab suggests this can be reversed, giving hope that a drug or other treatment might be developed to do the same in people.

The work was led by scientists at MIT and Harvard University and published online Wednesday by the New England Journal of Medicine.

The discovery challenges the notion that “when people get obese it was basically their own choice because they choose to eat too much or not exercise,” said study leader Melina Claussnitzer, a genetics specialist at Harvard-affiliated Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. “For the first time, genetics has revealed a mechanism in obesity that was not really suspected before” and gives a third explanation or factor that’s involved.

Independent experts praised the discovery.

“It’s a big deal,” said Dr. Clifford Rosen, a scientist at Maine Medical Center Research Institute and an associate editor at the medical journal.

“A lot of people think the obesity epidemic is all about eating too much,” but our fat cells play a role in how food gets used, he said. With this discovery, “you now have a pathway for drugs that can make those fat cells work differently.”

Several obesity drugs are already on the market, but they are generally used for short-term weight loss and are aimed at the brain and appetite; they don’t directly target metabolism.

Researchers can’t guess how long it might take before a drug based on the new findings becomes available. But it’s unlikely it would be a magic pill that would enable people to eat anything they want without packing on the pounds. And targeting this fat pathway could affect other things, so a treatment would need rigorous testing to prove safe and effective.

The gene glitch doesn’t explain all obesity. It was found in 44 percent of Europeans but only 5 percent of blacks, so other genes clearly are at work, and food and exercise still matter.

Having the glitch doesn’t destine you to become obese but may predispose you to it. People with two faulty copies of the gene (one from Mom and one from Dad) weighed an average of 7 pounds more than those without them. But some were obviously a lot heavier than that, and even 7 pounds can be the difference between a healthy and an unhealthy weight, said Manolis Kellis, a professor at MIT.

Related: More U.S. Adults Are Now Obese than Overweight

He and Claussnitzer are seeking a patent related to the work. It was done on people in Europe, Sweden and Norway, and funded by the German Research Center for Environmental Health and others, including the U.S. National Institutes of Health.

Researchers can’t guess how long it might take before a drug based on the new findings becomes available. But it’s unlikely it would be a magic pill that would enable people to eat anything they want without packing on the pounds. And targeting this fat pathway could affect other things, so a treatment would need rigorous testing to prove safe and effective.

The gene glitch doesn’t explain all obesity. It was found in 44 percent of Europeans but only 5 percent of blacks, so other genes clearly are at work, and food and exercise still matter.

Having the glitch doesn’t destine you to become obese but may predispose you to it. People with two faulty copies of the gene (one from Mom and one from Dad) weighed an average of 7 pounds more than those without them. But some were obviously a lot heavier than that, and even 7 pounds can be the difference between a healthy and an unhealthy weight, said Manolis Kellis, a professor at MIT.

Related: ‘Healthy Obesity’ Turns Unhealthy Over Time

He and Claussnitzer are seeking a patent related to the work. It was done on people in Europe, Sweden and Norway, and funded by the German Research Center for Environmental Health and others, including the U.S. National Institutes of Health.

“It’s a potential target” for drug development, said Dr. Sam Klein, an obesity researcher at Washington University in St. Louis. He called the work “an amazing study” and “a scientific tour de force.”

Dr. Rudolph Leibel, an obesity expert at Columbia University in New York, used the same term — “tour de force.” Still, some earlier research suggests the FTO gene may influence other aspects of obesity such as behavior and appetite.

“It’s possible there are several mechanisms being affected,” and that fat-burning is not the whole story, he said.

Read This Next: There Are 6 Types Of Obesity — And Each Should Be Treated Differently

- Associated Press

Malaysian property sector still attracting overseas investors


Canadian pension fund invests in JV with Pavilion Group

KUALA LUMPUR: The largest pension fund manager in Canada will invest RM485mil for a 49% interest in its joint venture (JV) with Pavilion Group to develop Pavilion Damansara Heights – a mixed-used property in Kuala Lumpur.

This is Canada Pension Plan Investment Board’s (CPPIB) first direct real estate investment in the region.

“We are pleased to make our first direct real estate investment in South-East Asia through this JV with one of Malaysia’s most well-respected developers, the Pavilion Group.

“This JV fits well with our investment strategy, as it provides us with a great opportunity to work with a smart partner in a high-quality real estate asset that will provide attractive risk-adjusted returns over the long term,” said CPPIB managing director and head of real estate investments Asia Jimmy Phua in a statement.

The Malaysian property market is still attracting strong interest from overseas investors, despite reports suggesting a possible slowdown in demand.

Major property players from China, including Greenland Holdings Group Ltd and Country Garden Holdings Co Ltd, are among big investors in Johor.

Pavilion Damansara Heights is a freehold development integrating corporate towers, luxury residences and a retail galleria.

The development is located in one of the prime and affluent locations in Kuala Lumpur, less than 10km from the Petronas Twin Towers. It is well-connected by a network of highways and strategically served by two upcoming Mass Rapid Transit stations within walking distance to the development.

Pavilion Group is an experienced local developer of commercial and residential projects and is one of the strongest and most well-established Malaysian retail developers. It has developed several prominent retail malls, and office and retail projects in Kuala Lumpur.

“We are looking forward to the opportunity to partner with CPPIB in this exciting development in Kuala Lumpur.

“It is a highly anticipated landmark for Damansara Heights, set within Malaysia’s most affluent neighbourhood, offering a world-class integrated development that is synonymous with the Pavilion Brand,” said Pavillion Group project director Timothy Liew.

Pavilion Group was in the news recently as it had set a record of sorts for pricing its high-rise serviced residential units of its latest project – the Pavilion Suites – along Jalan Bukit Bintang starting from RM3,000 per sq ft.

The high-end property is being built on a half-acre parcel that had created a buzz in the property sector in 2010.

In the same year, Urusharta Cemerlang Sdn Bhd, a company controlled by property magnate Tan Sri Desmond Lim, had purchased the tiny strip of land from Singapore billionaire Kwek Leng Beng for a record price of RM7,209 per sq ft.

Source: Starbiz Asia News Network

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Tuesday, August 18, 2015

IJM and Genting excluded from investments wealth fund due to severe environmental damage

Environmental issues: IJM and Genting have interests in palm oil operations.

Norwegian fund to call off investments on environmental issue

PETALING JAYA: Norway’s US$871bil sovereign wealth fund Norges Bank has excluded IJM Corp Bhd and Genting Bhd from its investments due to risks of “severe environmental damage”.

Two other companies that the fund said it would not invest in are South Korean steelmaker POSCO and Daewoo International Corp, a trading company and listed subsidiary of POSCO.

“Norges Bank has decided to exclude the companies IJM Corp, Genting, POSCO and Daewoo International Corp from the investment universe of the Government Pension Fund Global.

“The companies are excluded based on an assessment of the risk of severe environmental damage,” it said in a statement. Both IJM Corp and Genting have interests in palm oil operations.

According to the fund’s website, it held US$46mil investments in IJM Corp and US$40.8mil in Genting.

The fund also has investments in IJM Land Bhd and Genting Malaysia Bhd.

The world’s top sovereign wealth fund has a range of ethics criteria for excluding firms from its portfolio, including environmental factors, nuclear weapons-making and labour conditions.

A handful of Malaysian companies are also on Norges Bank’s list of “exclusion of companies”, including WTK Holdings Bhd, Ta Ann Holdings Bhd, Lingui Development Bhd and Samling Global Ltd.

Norges has been one of the largest foreign fund investors in Malaysian equities since 2010. As at end-2014, the fund had invested about US$1.66bil in 139 Bursa Malaysia-listed companies. - Starbiz

Norwegian fund Norges allots RM800mil to invest in Malaysian small, mid-cap stocks
The foreign fund has invested about RM1.7bil in 53 Bursa Malaysia-listed companies.

PETALING JAYA: Norwegian fund Norges has allotted RM800mil more to invest in small to mid-cap stocks in Malaysia.

A market source said the foreign fund appointed Eastspring Investments Bhd about a month ago and was investing in general equity, with a preference for the small to mid-cap equity space.

“There are no specific guidelines as to which sector Norges is keen on. It wants to look at good companies and it so happens the local small and mid-cap space is doing well this year,” the source said.

Norges has been one of the largest foreign fund investor in Malaysian equities since 2010.

In April, StarBiz reported that the foreign fund had invested about RM1.7bil in 53 Bursa Malaysia-listed companies, managed by Kenanga Investors Bhd. At the time, the fund was already sitting on a paper gain of some RM600mil, with its entire holdings in Malaysia valued some RM2.3bil. Its performance in Malaysian equities was attributed to the big run-up in many of the small oil and gas companies since last year.

The source added that Norges was still looking for more fund managers to manage its investment in Malaysia. “It has always had this allocation for Malaysia which it had not entirely fulfilled yet. So it is continuously looking for fund managers,” the source said.

PublicInvest Research in its strategy note for the second half of 2014 said smaller-capitalised stocks in Malaysia have had a good run year-to-date, reflected by the FBM Small Cap Index’s 18.6% gain compared with the FBM KLCI’s 0.3% gain and FBM Mid 70 Index’s 1.2% rise.

Eastspring Investments had about US$105bil (RM334.2bil) in assets under management as at March 31.

The asset management house was named Asia’s leading retail fund manager for 2013 in an annual survey by Asia Asset Management.

Norges, also referred to as the Norwegian oil fund, has a market value of 5,038 billion kroner (RM2.73 trillion) as of end-2013.

Norges is managed by Norges Bank Investment Management, the asset management unit of the Norwegian central bank.

As of end-2013, it is invested in 8,000 stocks in 82 countries and owns 1.3% of the world’s listed companies, delivering annual returns of 5.7% since 1998. - By LIZ LEE Starbiz

Norwegian fund nibbling at Malaysian small and mid caps


PETALING JAYA: Norway-based Norges, one of the largest foreign funds investing in Malaysian equities, has been nibbling small to mid cap stocks that offer exciting upside here.

It has taken up small stakes in 53 Bursa Malaysia-listed companies, with total investments of around RM1.7bil, according to a fund manager.

Norges has a market value of 5,038 billion kroner (RM2.73 trillion) as of end-2013.

Norges began investing heavily in the Malaysian market since 2010 and is now sitting on a paper gain of some RM600mil, giving its entire holdings in Malaysia a value of some RM2.3bil.

Among Norges’ investments are a string of mid-sized oil and gas firms such as Alam Maritim Bhd, Daya Bhd, Scomi Energy Services Bhd and Barakah Offshore Petroleum Bhd.

It has even invested in special purpose acquisition companies Sona Petroleum Bhd and Cliq Energy Bhd.

“An investment from Norges is a positive endorsement from an independent party. It shows that the company has fulfilled the international standards of a foreign sovereign fund,” said one fund manager, who tracks Norges’ movements.

In Malaysia, Norges’ appointed fund manager since 2010 has been Kenanga Investors Bhd. Every year since then, sources said that Norges had allocated Kenanga at least RM150mil as it was pleased with its local counterpart’s performance.

Prior to Kenanga Investors, Norges’ appointed fund manager was RHB Investment Bhd.

“Kenanga Investors has been investing in small and mid caps even before the recent run-up in such companies over the last one year. The big run-up in many of the small oil and gas companies has significantly enhanced Norges’ performance here,” said a fund manager familiar with Norges’ strategy.

This indicates that Norges has a lot of interest in the sector, which isn’t surprising considering that Norges itself has gained its funds from the oil and gas revenues of Norway’s state-owned pension fund.

Aside from oil and gas stocks, Norges has also invested in other sectors such as banking and property.

“The reason it has done well is because it identified mid cap investing very early on. While the Employees Providents Fund (EPF) only articulated its interest in investing in mid-sized companies last year, Norges has been doing that for the last 3 to 4 years,” said the source.

Last June, EPF chief executive officer Datuk Shahril Ridza Ridzuan said it was looking at making investments in 40 mid-cap stocks, adding that the fund was already invested in a number of mid-sized companies.

He said the EPF was happy to support companies that fulfilled its investment criteria, which include having ample liquidity, the ability to generate cash flows and dividends, and having good corporate governance practices in place.

Slightly differing from the EPF which oftentimes take substantial stakes, Norges has a policy of not going beyond 3% in any particular stock, sources said.

“Norges is in the business of portfolio management. It isn’t in the business of running companies,” said the source.

Norges, also referred to as the Norwegian oil fund, is managed by Norges Bank Investment Management, the asset management unit of the Norwegian central bank. Norges is mandated to hold 60% in stocks and 35% in bonds, and is aiming to build up a 5% holding in real estate.

As at end-2013, it is invested in 8,000 stocks in 82 countries and owns 1.3% of the world’s listed companies. Between 1998 to 2013, Norges has been delivering annual returns of 5.7%.

 - By LIZ LEE Starbiz

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